Glycine and GABA type A receptors are the major ligand gated ion channels in inhibitory synapses in the central nervous system. The synaptic targeting and localization of these receptors requires gephyrin, the instructive postsynaptic scaffold protein that binds to the receptor, to signaling and cytoskeletal proteins and undergoes condensate formation. We study the structural and functional basis of gephyrin at inhibitory synapses using protein biochemistry, including biophysical tools, cryo-electron microscopy, cell biology and imaging all the way to animal models of disease states.